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The Z-DNA domain of human ADAR1 (ZαADAR1) produces B-Z junction DNA through preferential binding to the CG-repeat segment and destabilizing the neighboring AT-rich region. However, this study could not answer the question of how many base-pairs in AT-rich region are destabilized by binding of ZαADAR1. Thus, we have performed NMR experiments of ZαADAR1 to the longer DNA duplex containing an 8-base-paired (8-bp) CG-repeat segment and a 12-bp AT-rich region. This study revealed that ZαADAR1 preferentially binds to the CG-repeat segment rather than AT-rich region in a long DNA and then destabilizes at least 6 base-pairs in the neighboring AT-rich region for efficient B-Z transition of the CG-repeat segment.

NMR Study on the Preferential Binding of the Zα Domain of Human ADAR1 to CG-repeat DNA Duplex