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We prepared water extracts from four dry berries, lowbush blueberry (LBB) (Vaccinium angustifolium L.), highbush blueberry (HBB) (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), cranberry (CB) (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) and grape (Vitis vinifera L.). The four berry extracts were efficient absorbers of ultraviolet (UV) light, primarily UV-B. The treatment of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cotyledons with LBB, HBB and CB extracts attenuated the damage induced by continuous UV-B irradiation (0.58 W m-2) for 11 days and did not cause any side effects. Anthocyanin and polyphenol contents in the four berry extracts were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry. Anthocyanins, which are major UV-absorbing compounds in higher plants, were not the primary polyphenolic compounds in the four berry extracts. A total of 51 specific polyphenols were identified. The LBB extract contained primarily chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and protocatechuic acid; the HBB extract contained primarily chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and syringic acid; and the CB extract contained primarily protocatechuic acid, myricetin and p-coumaric acid. These components might contribute to the protection of cucumber plants against UV-B-induced damage. Discipline: Plant protection Additional key words: antioxidants, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, polyphenolic compounds *Corresponding author: e-mail yamasaki@fukuoka-edu.ac.jp Received 12 April 2016; accepted 4 August 2016. Introduction The depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) increases the amount of solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280-320 nm) irradiation passing through to the earth’s surface (Rozema et al. 1997). In higher plants, UV-B irradiation is known to damage DNA and membranes, reduce photosynthetic activity, inhibit hypocotyl elongation, stunt growth, reduce leaf area, and induce leaf bronzing and necrosis (Teramura 1983, Ziska et al. 1992, Teramura & Sullivan 1994). UV-B irradiation is thus harmful to higher plants. In agriculture, the increase in solar UV-B reduces farm productivity. Protection against UV-B irradiation poses an important problem for higher plants including farm crops. Mutants resistant to UV-B irradiation have been isolated in higher plants. The Arabidopsis ultraviolet

jarq/jarq. japan agricultural research quarterly

Lowbush Blueberry, Highbush Blueberry and Cranberry Extracts Protect Cucumber (&lt;i&gt;Cucumis sativus&lt;/i&gt; L.) Cotyledons from Damage Induced by UV-B Irradiation