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Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) is a useful and widely distributed palm in Southeast Asia, but itshabitats are declining due to industrial development. Information on genetic diversity, geographicaldifferentiation, and phylogenetic relationships among the populations is important in order todevelop conservation strategies for this species. In this study, the genetic diversity within and among29 natural populations in Peninsular Malaysia was analyzed using the AFLP molecular technique.Polymorphism within a population was detected for 27 populations and three geographically distinctgroups of nipa. The results showed that the highest frequency of heterozygosity was found in the westcoast southern region, followed by the west coast northern region, and with the lowest frequency inthe east coast region. In the phylogenetic tree, the three geographical regions that formed distinctgroups with the west coast southern region group were located between the west coast northern regiongroup and the east coast region. These results may suggest that nipa in Peninsular Malaysia hasbeen diffused from or along the west coast southern region to the other regions. The three regionalgroups are differentiated genetically and it is recommended that all three regions should be targetsfor the conservation of nipa habitats, in order to reduce genetic erosion within the nipa in PeninsularMalaysia.

Genetic Diversity and Geographical Differentiation of Nipa (<i>Nypa fruticans</i> Wurmb.) Populations in Peninsular Malaysia Based on AFLP