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DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI)-leucine tRNA (tRNALeu)cytochrome oxidase II (COII) regions was performed to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among 465 summer and winter-form psyllids from Saga and Yamaguchi prefectures in Japan. Multiple alignments of these sequences revealed 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at nucleotide positions 78 and 258 in the COI and tRNALeu regions, respectively. Based on the nucleotide changes at these loci, these 465 insects were grouped into 3 genotypes: 78A/258A, 78G/258G, and 78G/258A. All but 2 of the 225 insects in Saga belonged to the genotype 78A/258A, and the 2 exceptions belonged to the genotype 78G/258G. Conversely, all the insects (105) collected from Shimonoseki city in western Yamaguchi prefecture belonged to the genotype 78G/258G, while eighty percent of the 135 samples from eastern Yamaguchi prefecture belonged to the genotype 78G/258G. Among the other 27 insect samples, 24 were 78G/258A and 3 were 78A/258A. Using POPTREE2, the psyllids were divided into 5 populations associated with the geographical distribution. The results suggest that the genetic population structure of these psyllids varied widely between Saga and Yamaguchi prefectures. Discipline: Insect pest Additional key words: cytochrome oxidase I, molecular phylogenetic analysis, Pear psyllids, population genetics *Corresponding author: e-mail tiwsw37@affrc.go.jp Received 25 September 2013; accepted 22 January 2014.

jarq/jarq. japan agricultural research quarterly

Analysis of the Genetic Population Structure of Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with Mitochondrial DNA Markers in Saga and Yamaguchi prefectures, Japan