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OBJECTIVES:  To evaluate the impact of  Burkholderia cepacia  complex colonization in cystic fibrosis patients undergoing lung transplantation.    METHODS:  We prospectively analyzed clinical data and respiratory tract samples (sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage) collected from suppurative lung disease patients between January 2008 and November 2013. We also subtyped different  Burkholderia cepacia  complex genotypes via DNA sequencing using primers against the recA gene in samples collected between January 2012 and November 2013.    RESULTS:  From 2008 to 2013, 34 lung transplants were performed on cystic fibrosis patients at our center.  Burkholderia cepacia  complex was detected in 13 of the 34 (38.2%) patients. Seven of the 13 (53%) strains were subjected to genotype analysis, from which three strains of  B. metallica  and four strains of  B. cenocepacia  were identified. The mortality rate was 1/13 (7.6%), and this death was not related to  B. cepacia  infection.    CONCLUSION:  The results of our study suggest that colonization by  B. cepacia  complex and even  B. cenocepacia  in patients with cystic fibrosis should not be considered an absolute contraindication to lung transplantation in Brazilian centers.

Burkholderia cepacia, cystic fibrosis and outcomes following lung transplantation: experiences from a single center in Brazil