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The use of citation indexing for information retri eval is increasingly arousing the inte res t of the scientifi c community. It therefore see ms appropriate to document some of the experience which the authors have gain ed with this tool. A main purpose of th e ex perime nts reported here was to determine whether a citation index can be used effectively by re mote access to a co mputer·stored file, and how this process compares with conve ntional use in a library. A computer-stored citation index has some obvious advantages; it seemed important to find out whether it involved any unforeseen diffi culti es or, for that matter , any un expected benefits. We s hall first di scuss citation indexes in ge nera l, their cha rac teri s ti cs and the use that is made of th e m. This will e nable us to appreciate the built-in advantages of a mechanized ind ex. W e s hall th en describe a number of experiments which we have condu cted , and fin ally e numerate a few co nclus ions which can be drawn from them . Th ese ex periments had th e s pecial feature of using the co mputer remotely; it is this characteris ti c which distin gui shes the m from earli e r trials of mechanized c itation indexing [1, 2).1 Re mote access to computers [3] is made attrac tive by two kinds of considera tions, which in the literature are not always clearly distinguished, alt hough the y differ widely in their effects on the design and economics of the computer sys tem. In one class of cases, long-distance access to a computer is desirable becau se the computer stores a unique information file (or program). The altern ative of s toring a copy of the file in a locally used computer may be impractical because of frequent need for updating or revision, or may be uneconomical because the file is so large and/or so infrequently used that the cost of computer storage exceeds the cost of long-distance com· munication. In another class of cases, the desire for man· machine interaction is the controlling consideration. To match the speed of humans and machine calls for time-sharing, usually among several doze n users (eve n though the machine does the lion's share of the work). It is normally not prac tic al to assemble so many users in the mac hine room; but in con trast to the former use ,

Citation searching and bibliographic coupling with remote on-line computer access