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A potentiometric method utilizing glass membrane reference electrodes in a concentration cell for the continuous measurement in situ of molten salt composition is presented. Relevant data for the AgCl-NaCl, AgBr-NaBr, and Ag 2 SO 4 -Na 2 SO 4 systems are given. Using cells of the typeM  1    |    M  1   A   (    a  R    )   ,   M  2   A   (    a  R  '    )    |   glass   |    M  1   A   (    a  2    )   ,   M  2   A   (    a  2  '    )    |    M  1where the a 's are activities, the unknown mole fraction X  2 can be calculated from the equation    log   (X  21  -   X  2)   =   E   2.303  (  R  T  /  F  )   t  '-  log   (1  -   X  RX  R)where t ' is a concentration-independent constant of the system and X   R  is the concentration of M  1  A in the reference electrode. The method is capable of measuring X  2 in molten salt with an accuracy of better than 5 percent over a concentration range of 10 4 . Application of the method to cations other than silver is discussed.

Electrode potentials in fused systems X. Measurement of cation concentration in molten salts using glass membrane electrodes