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Simple tim.e-temperature freezing and melting curves are analyzed, and a procedure is outlined for determining from them the freezing point of a given substance and the amount of impurity in it, The procedure was applied to a number of different known solutions of hydrocarbons ranging from 0.006 to 0.115 mole fraction in concentration of solute. For the systems examined, it was found that the values for the freezing point of a given substance obtained from both freezing and melting curves were always in accord within their respective limits of uncertainty, and that the estimated amount of impurity was in error by not more than about 10 percent of itself, on the average. CONTENTS Page I. IntroductioD ___   __ ___  __ ____ ____ ____ 591 II. Theoretical part   ____ ____ ____     592 1. Thermodynamic relation involved  ___ ..  592 2. Determination of the freezing point____ __   594 3. Estimation of the amount of impurity  __ ____ __ ___ __  598 III. Experimental part ___ __  ___  ___ ____  605 1. Apparatus ___    __   605 2. Attainment of equilibrium  ___ ____ __ ____ _ 607 3. Determination of the freezing point  ____ ___ ____ 609 4. Estimation of the amount of impurity ___  __ ____  614 IV. Conclusion  __ ___ ____ ___  618 V. References  ____  619

Determination of freezing points and amounts of impurity in hydrocarbons from freezing and melting curves