English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This article is one of a series on the stability of papers made from various fibrous raw materials. The present study is concerned with rag-fiber papers and the factors affecting their stability . . High-grade bond papers were made under carefully controlled conditions in the semicommercial paper mill of the Bureau from cotton rags of the qualities termed in the trade "new" (cuttings from unused textiles from textile and garment factories) and "old" (used textile materials, principally from homes). Un sized, engine-sized, and surface-sized papers were included. For most of the beater sizing, rosin size was used, being precipitated on the fibers in the usual way with papermakers' alum. The basic rags, the half-stuffs made from them, and the finished papers were analyzed. The usual physical and chemical tests were made on the paper both before and after it had been subjected to an accelerated-aging test. The results demonstrate that stable paper can be obtained from new rags. The data obtained confirm the !1;eneral belief that high acidity resulting from excessive use of alum in rosin sizing has a marked deteriorating effect upon paper. The pH value for optimum results, as far as stability is concerned, was approximately 5.0. The degree of sizing at this acidity WAS also satisfactory. Of papers of the same acidity, those having the lesser content of rosin were the more stable. In general, surface sizing did not materially affect the life of base papers of high stability, although it seemed to serve as a protective surface retarding chemical deterioration of the less stable papers. Initial quality of the fibers cannot be taken as a criterion of the degree of excellence of paper made from them. The study shows that careful processing of raw materials in respect of active chemical components (alum, rosin, etc.) is necessary for the manufacture of stable papers. CONTENTS Page

A study of the relation of some properties of cotton rags to the strength and stability of experimental papers made from them