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This paper examines the impact of modern and traditional training and development programs on the employees of banking sectors' organizational commitment and overall performance within Karachi, Pakistan. Furthermore, the paper explores the causal-effect relationship between organizational commitment's distinctive attributes and TD traditional and modern methods to notable extent. In addition to that, irrespective of the type of employment status, the affective and normative commitment of male employees is significant positively affected by the salary increment while the continuance commitment of female workers is significant positively affected by the training and development programs. Nevertheless, job satisfaction has significant mediating role in improving the organizational commitment of employees under both; traditional and modern methods of training and development. Interestingly, the continuance commitment is less visible in contrast to affective commitment and normative commitment among both permanent and contractual employees working within the banking sector.

international journal of academic research in business and social sciences

The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction between Training and Development Practices and Organizational Commitment: Responses from Private Banking Sectors of Karachi, Pakistan