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Malaysia faced two major security set back after its formation on 16 September 1963. First, the ‘Confrontation’ launched by Indonesia from 1965 to 1966. Second, the armed struggle by the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM) from 1968 to 1989. The new government under the leadership of the Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman managed both situations by utilizing the Military, Police and Civil administration. The concept of ‘Security and Development’ was introduced, as a joint effort between Internal Security operations by the Security Forces (SF) and Internal Development Programs under the Development Plan. The main argument presented in this article is that the concept of ‘security and development’ have brought important changes to both the political and social landscapes. The rate of development moved to a faster phase allowing little space for the CPM’s insurgent to manoeuvre. The Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA) transformed jungle areas into cultivated areas by bringing hundreds of thousands of people into these new agricultural schemes. New infrastructure of road network, bridges and dams were built connecting remote areas bringing along hydro-power and water supplies. The National Security Council (NSC) coordinated all the security and development efforts from the federal level to the state and down to the district level. The concept of Security and Development brought to an end of CPM’s Arms struggle by cutting off their traditional routes into their hide outs in Southern Thailand by cutting off their support from the people in their ‘illegitimate’ fight. The outcome of the study demonstrated that the concept of security and development have played an important role in bringing down the Second Insurgency to an end in a more fashionable way. The study also found out that the concept used will remain to be relevant to the present day scenario in the Malaysian environment.

The Concept of Security and Development: Malaysia’s Successful Approach Towards Bringing Down Insurgency in the 1970 – 1980’s