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The safety of waste wood from construction and demolition processes must be improved so that wood chips derived from the waste wood can be recycled. Rapid assessment of the concentrations of heavy metals in these waste woods and classification of the woods according to concentration levels will facilitate recycling. In this study, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was found to be a useful method for rapid screening of metals in waste wood chips. Crushed wood, cellulose powder, and filter paper, which have a matrix similar to that of wood samples, were used as carriers for calibration standards. The metal concentrations in 36 waste wood chip samples determined by XRF using cellulose powder were closest to those determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, or inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Cellulose powder was the most suitable standard for XRF analysis in terms of accuracy, ease of use, and consistent composition and particle size. Filter paper could also be used as a calibration standard for XRF after correction for layer thickness.

An X-ray Fluorescence Method for Rapid Screening of As, Cr, Cu and Pb Concentration in Waste Wood from Construction and Demolition Processes