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Wheat is one of the most important cereal in India; it is under cultivation in the sub-continent for more than 5000 years. With population explosion, development of newer wheat varieties with better yield, high quality seed set, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses are need of the hour. Screening of available genetic diversity is important to develop new varieties through breeding programs. The SSR markers with its co-dominant nature assist in genetic diversity studies. In present study, 13 commercial wheat accessions comprising of 2 durum and 11 aestivum varieties were characterized using 25 microsatellite (SSR) molecular markers. The PIC (Polymorphic Information Content) value ranged between 0 (csSr2 marker) to 0.899 (Xgwm146 marker). The current investigation of 13 wheat genotypes also confirms coefficient of similarity ranges from 0.3 to 0.8. More than eight accessions are falling in same cluster with similarity range from 0.45 to 0.80, pointing lack of genetic diversity, which could lead sudden decrease in yield in case of biotic and abiotic stresses. Hence, new breeding programs have to be initiated with marker assisted breeding to create new genotypes of wheat. From the study, 10 SSR molecular markers scoring the highest PIC values could be developed into a multiplexing panel for diversity and varietal identification based analysis of wheat genotypes.

Ascertaining narrow genetic base in commercial accessions of wheat commonly grown in Gujarat via molecular markers