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Este articulo tiene por objeto el analisis de la relacion entre el derecho de los socios a su auto-organizacion interna, sin injerencias procedentes de los poderes publicos, y el derecho de estos mismos socios —y aspirantes a serlo— a no ser discriminados en su relacion con la asociacion. Asi como el principio democratico ha sido aceptado como un limite legal frente al derecho a la auto-organizacion interna, los derechos de los socios —y aspirantes a serlo— en su relacion inter privatos con la asociacion forman tambien parte, segun el TC, del contenido esencial del derecho de asociacion y, por tanto, limitan la capacidad autoorganizativa de la asociacion. Entre estos derechos se situan la imposibilidad de la no admision o la expulsion de socios por causas arbitrarias, injustificadas, entre las que, en opinion del autor, se deben encuadrar aquellas que se basen en los rasgos especialmente odiosos que senala la Constitucion, como la raza o el genero, cuando dichos rasgos nada tengan que ver con la finalidad de la asociacion. En todo caso, los Tribunales deberan hacer una ponderacion, caso a caso, entre el art. 22 CE en su dimension auto-organizativa y el art. 22 CE en su dimension inter privatos en coordinacion con el art. 14 CE, sin que una posible futura prevision legal prohibiendo las practicas discriminatorias pudieran tacharse de inconstitucional. This article analyses the relationship between the rights of the members of an association to self-organization without interferences from the State, and the rights of the members—and those who want to be members—to not be discriminated against in their connection to the association. As the democratic principle has been accepted as a legal limit to internal self-organization, the rights of the members and those who want to be members in their relationship inter privatos with the association are part of the essential content of the right to association, according to the Constitutional Court. Therefore, they limit the selforganization of the association. Among these rights we find the right to stop an arbitrary non admission and expulsion of members. The author thinks that members have the right to stop a non admission or expulsion based on race, gender or other grounds that are deemed as especially hateful by Constitution as part of their rights inter privatos, but only if the goal of the association doesn’t justify the use of these grounds. In the end, the Courts might find a balance, case by case, between article 22 CE (right to association) in their self-organizational dimension and art. 22 CE (right to association) in their inter privatos dimension in connection with the article 14 CE (right to equality). But if any law forbids the discrimination in the future, it will be constitutional.

revista de derecho político/revista de derecho político

Asociación, discriminación y Constitución: los límites entre la autonomía asociativa y el derecho de los socios —y aspirantes a serlo— a no ser discriminados