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El desarrollo economico global de los anos sesenta del siglo pasado, junto con la implantacion del mercado comun europeo, trajo consigo el incremento de transacciones comerciales entre grandes corporaciones empresariales y los ciudadanos residentes en la Union europea provocadas por la distribucion de bienes y servicios necesarios. Las formas contractuales cambian, y se imponen los contratos de adhesion como la mejor manera de concretar estas nuevas transacciones. La posicion predominante del empresario ante el consumidor necesitado de estos bienes y servicios provoco situaciones de abuso que fueron trasladadas a las clausulas contractuales mermando los derechos basicos de los perceptores de bienes y servicios, esto es, de los ciudadanos europeos. La reaccion de las instituciones de gobierno de la Union Europea no se hizo esperar con la promulgacion de resoluciones legales a favor de recomponer el desequilibrio contractual, entre otras, la Directiva 93/13/CEE de obligada incorporacion inmediata en los paises miembros. En Espana, esta trasposicion de la Directiva se realizo con una doble regulacion a traves de la Ley de Condiciones Generales de la Contratacion que modifico, a su vez la Ley General de defensa de los consumidores. En ambas, se contemplaron instrumentos de defensa procesal a traves tanto de acciones individuales como colectivas.  The overall economic development of the sixties of the last century, together with the implementation of the European common market, led to the increase in commercial transactions between large business corporations and citizens residing in the European Union caused by the distribution of necessary goods and services. Contractual forms change, and accession contracts are imposed as the best way to implement these new transactions. The predominant position of the employer to the consumer in need of these goods and services caused situations of abuse that were transferred to the contractual clauses, under reducing the basic rights of the recipients of goods and services, that is, of European citizens. The reaction of the governing institutions of the European Union was not expected with the enactment of legal rulings in favour of recomposing the contractual imbalance, inter alia, Directive 93/13/EEC which must be immediately incorporated into the Member States. In Spain, this transposition of the Directive was carried out with a double regulation through the Law on General Conditions of Contract that, in turn, amended the General Law on the Defense of Consumers. Both instruments of procedural defence were envisaged through both individual and collective actions.

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La protección europea contra las cláusulas abusivas. Directiva 93/13/CEE y su integración en el marco regulatorio español | European protection against unfair clauses. Directive 93/13/EEC and its integration into the spanish legislation.