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A total of 3634 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered from 4800 leaf, stem and bark segments of 10 medicinal plants growing in Courtallam hills, Western Ghats, south India, during monsoon, winter and summer seasons. These isolates belonged to coelomycetes (26.35%), hyphomycetes (21.76%), Xylariaceae (0.6%) and mycelia sterilia (3.55%). Colonization frequency of endophytic fungi varied significantly between seasons. The fungal community from leaves was most diverse followed by stem and bark tissues. Alternaria alternata, Camarosporium palliatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata and Phoma terrestris were the most frequently isolated species. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Alternaria alternata, Phyllosticta sp. 1, Curvularia lunata and sterile forms were isolated more frequently from the leaf than from stem and bark tissues. Phyllosticta sp. 1 and Phyllosticta sp. 2, were isolated only from leaf tissues. Phoma terrestris was the predominant isolate from stems while Pestalotiopsis versicola was dominant in bark tissues. Xylaria sp. was isolated only from stem tissues of Feronia elephantum.

Diversity of fungal endophytes in medicinal plants of Courtallam hills, Western Ghats, India