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The presence of risk factors (RF) significantly affects the occurrence and consequences of stroke. Aim: To determine the presence of certain risk factors, especially smoking, and the occurrence of speech and language disorders (SLD) in patients with stroke (S). Methodology: We analyzed the data of 290 patients affected by stroke: age, gender, present RF, especially smoking, type of stroke and the presence of SLD from the medical history. Results: The average age of the patients was 69.23. 35.51% of patients were 65 and younger. Male gender prevailed in the sample (56.2%:43.8%). The average time since stroke onset was 33.95 days. 92.80% of the sample had some of the RF. There were 45.17% of patients with two or more RF. There were 40.34% patients with SLD and 59.66% had not registered SLD. Most patients had ischemic stroke (80.30%). 40.77% of patients in this group had SLD. 11.0% were with hemorrhagic stroke. 31.25% of patients in this group had SLD. The combination of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke had 3.40% of the sample and in this group SLD was present in 60.00%. 1% of the sample had SAH. There were 26.20% smokers, both temporary and ex-smokers. The average age of smokers was 63.78, and of non-smokers 71.35. In the group of smokers 46.34% patients had SLD, whereas in the group of non-smokers 38.01% patients had SLD. Conclusion: The largest part of the sample had a presence of some RF, most often a combination of two or more factors. Smoking had significantly influenced the earlier occurrence of stroke. There is a higher percentage of SLD smoker patients in comparison with non-smokers.

The presence and influence of some risk factors on stroke and occurrence of speech and language disorders