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Background/aim: Acid-base disturbances are common in critically ill patients. Some of the most commonly used markers of metabolic acidosis are base deficit and lactate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between base deficit and serum lactate and the utility of base deficit in the assessment of serum lactate levels in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective, analytical study. We reviewed all arterial gas analyses (base deficit and lactate levels) of patients on mechanical ventilation. The correlation between base deficit and lactate was assessed by calculation of the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and coefficient of determination (R2). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created for base deficit to detect the presence of hyperlactatemia. The SPSS 12.0 software package (Chicago, Illinois) was used for statistical analyses. Results: One hundred forty-two patients participated in the study: including survivors (n=68) and non-survivors (n=74). The mean value of base deficit was 0.512 ± 6.10 mmol/L, and the mean value of serum lactate was 2.04 ± 2.07 mmol/L. Th ere was no difference in lactate and base deficit values between the groups (p=0.101, p=0.106, respectively). Hyperlactatemia was observed in 44 patients (30.98 % ). In ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve for base deficit to detect hyperlactatemia was 0.527. Conclusion: This study indicates that base deficit is not an appropriate marker in the evaluation of real serum lactate values.

Usefulness of base deficit in the assessment of serum lactate levels in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation