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In the period of Enlightenment in the 18th century begins paying attention to the study of ethnology from two viewpoints: educational ideas that through rationalism folk customs and superstitions should be uprooted, until the later standpoint in romanticism that exactly folk customs, beliefs, and other folk wisdom are what makes the crucial characteristics of the Serbian people (Kovačević, 2001a). Ethnometeorology, in this context, refers to folks sayings, customs, and beliefs that are about weather, in other words, about meteorology. They were with us the foundation of explanation, forecast, and interaction with atmospheric elements. The history of science with Serbian people is indicating that the 18th century was the period when scientific achievements in various sciences reach also the educated stratum of the Serbian people (Kovačević, 2001b). Folk sayings have traditionally reflected the complex relationship between the rural life as an organized system and nature as chaos that needs to be tamed and predicted (Konieva, 2009). The uncertainty of prediction was a consequence of the limits of the local knowledge and human ability (Anderson, 2005). In the times when folk sayings were established—in the period of meteorological observations before invention and widespread use of meteorological instruments, mainly in 18th and 19th century—concepts of “cold,” “hot,” “average,” and “nice” weather were not precisely defined but based on subjective observation. As examples we can present the following descriptions. 1559/60 Pannonian plains: It was a very cold winter and river Tisa froze (Ducić, 1995). 1834/35 Potisje (area around the river Tisa): The winter that year was average, the river Tisa was frozen two times: from December 9 (December 21/ new calendar) until January 8 (January 20/new calendar) and from January 12 (January 24/new calendar) until January 17 (January 29/new calendar) (Ducić, 1995). Sometimes it is mentioned that the winter was nice. The expression “nice winter” does not precisely represent the aspect one has in mind—was the temperature moderate, was there no snow covAbstract

Checking the accuracy of folk sayings 'Cold winter-cold spring,' 'Cold winter-hot summer,' and 'Hot summer-cold winter': Ethnometeorology