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Railway tunnels, as special structures in terms of design and construction always present an open and current topic. A particularly important aspect related to railway tunnels is evacuation, because of their structural and physical properties and inability to predict potential catastrophes, when it is important to reach and evacuate people possibly captured inside the tunnel in as short a time as possible. The possibilities for evacuation in tunnels significantly decrease due to the narrowness of the tunnels, faster spreading of fire and smoke than in open space, tunnel length and many other reasons. It is therefore obvious that prediction of potential evacuation situations could be very difficult and complex. Beside many theoretical calculations and partial experiments, one of the safest ways for prediction and realization of evacuation is the usage of software for evacuation, such as Pathfinder, Evac Tunnel, Exodus and similar. The purpose of this paper is to show the obtained simulation results for evacuation in software Pathfinder, in the case of a 6100m-long railway tunnel with emergency exits on every 500 m and without emergency exits.

The safety in tunnels: An example of simulated evacuation from a railway tunnel