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Para estimar o potencial energetico das principais fontes de biomassa da regiao Nordeste do Brasil, de lenha da caatinga; residuos agricolas e urbanos: casca de arroz, residuos da silvicultura, esterco (bovino, suino, caprino e avicola), residuos solidos urbanos; derivados da cana-de-acucar (etanol, bagaco e vinhaca) e oleaginosas (amendoim, babacu, coco-da-baia, dende, girassol, mamona, soja) foi feito um levantamento da producao divulgada nas bases de dados 2010 do IBGE e do potencial de geracao de energia, estimado atraves de calculos de conversao energetica, baseados no poder calorifico e na disponibilidade de cada biomassa, considerando o produto destas duas grandezas. As biomassas que apresentaram maior disponibilidade energetica foram o bagaco de cana de acucar, 143.725 MWh, a lenha da caatinga, 87.740 MWh, os residuos urbanos, 27.941 MWh, o etanol, 17.649 MWh, e o coco-baia.13.063 MWh. Nas potencialidades locais, merece destaque a biomassa do babacu, no estado do Maranhao, a biomassa do coco-da-baia, nos litorais do Ceara, Bahia e Sergipe e nos perimetros irrigados no Vale do Sao Francisco, e a biomassa do dende, no Sudeste da Bahia. Se as fontes de biomassa estudadas fossem utilizadas em sua totalidade para fins energeticos, somariam cerca de 119,5 milhoes de tonelada, que considerando a eficiencia do processo de conversao energetica, produziria cerca de 55.000 GWh por ano, correspondente a grande parte da energia eletrica consumida no Nordeste em 2010, que foi igual a 60.592 GWh. A B S T R A C T To estimate the potential energy of the main sources of biomass in the Northeast of Brazil, firewood from the scrub, agricultural and municipal wastes: rice husk, forestry residues, manure (cattle, pigs , goats and poultry ), municipal solid waste; derivatives of sugar cane (ethanol, bagasse and vinasse) and oilseeds (groundnut, babacu, coconut, palm, sunflower, castor, soybean) was a survey of the production reported in the databases and the 2010 IBGE generating potential energy calculations estimated by energy conversion, based on the calorific value and the availability of each biomass, whereas the product of these two quantities. The biomasses with higher energy availability were the crushed sugar cane, 143,725 MWh, of caatinga wood, 87,740MWh, municipal waste, 27,941 MWh , ethanol , 17,649 MWh and coconut 13.063 MWh. In the local potential, deserves biomass babacu in Maranhao state, biomass coconut, in Ceara, Bahia and Sergipe states and in irrigated areas in the Sao Francisco Valley, and biomass of oil palm in Southeast Bahia. If the biomass sources studied were used in its entirety for energy purposes would total approximately 119.5 million tons, which considering the efficiency of the energy conversion process, produce about 55,000 GWh per year, corresponding to much of the electricity consumed in the Northeast in 2010, which was equal to 60,592 GWh. Keywords: renewable energy, mapping, wood, waste, oilseed, sugar- cane..

Potencial de Aproveitamento Energético de Fontes de Biomassa no Nordeste do Brasil (Potential Energy Use of Biomass Sources in Northeast Brazil)