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Cyathea atrovirens (Langsd. & Fisch.) Domin (Cyatheaceae) is a widely distributed arborescent fern, grown in the Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South of Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay. The species is found in different environments such as forests, open areas and even in locations impacted by human action. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of temperature and the photoperiod on spore germination and on the gametophyte development of C. atrovirens. Spores were seeded in flasks containing liquid Meyer medium and maintained at temperatures of 15, 20, 23, 26, 29 and 32±1 C (Experiment 1) and at photoperiod cycles of light and dark of 8, 12, 16, 24 h (Experiment 2). The highest germination percentages (84 to 99%) were observed at temperatures of 20 to 32 °C, while at 15 °C, 43% of the spores germinated. At 32 °C, most gametophytes still remained at the early stage, with chlorocyte and rhizoid (72%), whereas at temperatures from 20 to 29 °C, 61 to 73% of the gametophytes were already in laminar stage at 28 days. There was no germination in the dark. The percentages of germination and laminar gametophytes were equally high in all photoperiods with the presence of light, ranging from 91 to 97% and from 74 to 87%, respectively. The data obtained may contribute to the understanding of the geographical distribution and the occurrence of Cyathea atrovirens in diverse habitats.

Spore germination and gametophytic development of Cyathea atrovirens (Langsd. & Fisch.) Domin (Cyatheaceae) at different temperatures and photoperiods