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Desde o inicio da historia humana ha uma busca em explicar a origem da biodiversidade. Somente a partir do seculo XVII e que emergiram na Europa as bases da teoria moderna dessa evolucao. A busca da explicacao para a origem das especies foi objeto de estudo de diversos estudiosos, entre eles Charles Darwin, que melhor sintetizou as evidencias evolutivas de forma convincente e compreensivel. Ao tratar sobre evolucao das especies, intrinsecamente trata-se sobre especiacao, ou seja, a explicacao para novas especies. A especiacao alopatrica e a que decorre de um isolamento geografico inicial. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi sugerir areas focais para estudos de processos de alopatria, tomando como base o relevo do Estado do Piaui (Brasil), tendo em vista tratar-se de uma grande zona de ecotono. Busca-se ainda mapear estas areas para que possam servir de fontes de pesquisas da existencia do fenomeno de alopatria em plantas ou animais no territorio do Piaui. A metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa compreende uma revisao sobre o tema, o conhecimento previo das areas apontadas, alem da utilizacao do software Arcgis para a elaboracao do mapa de localizacao das areas. Como resultados obtidos foi possivel realizar a caracterizacao areas tendo por base o relevo, cujas propriedades permitem promover fenomenos de especiacao alopatrica. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} A B S T R A C T Since the beginning of human history there has been a quest to explain the origin of biodiversity. Only in the seventeenth century did the foundations of the modern theory of this evolution emerge in Europe. The search for the explanation of the origin of the species was the object of study of several scholars, among them Charles Darwin, who better synthesized evolutionary evidence in a convincing and understandable way. In dealing with the evolution of species, it is intrinsically about speciation, that is, the explanation for new species. Allopatric speciation is the result of an initial geographic isolation. The main objective of this research was to suggest focal areas for studies of allopathic processes, based on the relief of the State of Piaui (Brazil), in order to be a large zone of ecotone. It is also sought to map these areas so that they can serve as sources of research on the existence of the phenomenon of allopatry in plants or animals in the territory of Piaui. The methodology used in this research includes a review on the subject, prior knowledge of the areas pointed out, and the use of the Arcgis software for the mapping of the location of the areas. As results obtained it was possible to perform the characterization of areas based on the relief, whose properties allow to promote phenomena of allopatric speciation . Keywords: speciation, allopatric, relief, piaui.

Preferential areas for allopatria based on Piauí relief (Brazil): an inferential study