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[1]. As impressive as the fact that this procedure was the 17 th heart transplant done in the world, is that this surgery was performed with a cardiopulmonary (CPB) machine made in Brazil. At that time, the homegrown cardiac surgery was side by side with the cardiac surgery of the developed world due to the capabilities of the bioengineering industry and the remarkable surgical skills and dedication of the local pioneers [2]. However, nowadays, there is an industry stagnation with low technology incorporation in the country and a gap in this field with the international technological development due to multiple factors. The diminished number of publications by Brazilian authors — less than 0.9% of total worldwide publications — registered in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health) database ratify the scientific stagnation in the knowledge of CPB. Translational research, a " bench-to-bedside and beyond " approach, aims to improve individual and public health by generating multicenter and multidisciplinary collaboration to pull discoveries from basic science arising from laboratory, clinical, or population studies into clinical applications [3]. The importance of testing the devices used in our clinical practice Recently, driven by the need of introducing translational research in CPB, Brazil has a large number of medical devices manufactured and available only in this region that are approved by the National Health Surveillance Agency (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária – ANVISA) without further clinical data or benchmarking EDITORIAL Rodolfo Neirotti 1 , MD, PhD, MPA, FEACTS (by invitation) with other similar devices. Moreover, only FDA approved or widespread used products in the developed countries are object of research by the international scientific community. Monitoring pressure, blood and water temperature, use of bubble detectors and blood level sensors devices are not incorporated neither in the clinical perfusion guidelines, nor in the training school curriculum and clinical practice. Furthermore, despite that some imported CPB machines equipped with all these safety devices are available for use in a great number of cardiac centers, only less than 5% of them are used with the servo control mode turned on. In other words, the majority of the clinical perfusions are conducted without any automatic safety device control, thus making impossible to identify, explain and document undesirable events. Building a stronger knowledge about CPB through basic research and clinical trials, and the incorporation of the new information in the perfusion curriculum, will help the management …

Cardiopulmonary Bypass: a Forgotten Area of Searching for New Knowledge in Brazil and the Importance of Translational Research