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A infância e uma fase de mudancas. Principalmente maturacao fisiologica do sistema respiratorio e fatores internos e externos tornam as criancas menores de dois anos mais suscetiveis a desenvolver doencas respiratorias. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar a ocorrencia de doencas respiratorias apos a administracao da vacina pneumococica 10-valente em criancas menores de dois anos e correlacionar com as variaveis clinicas e sociodemograficas. A pesquisa foi realizada com 90 criancas menores de dois anos que ja tinham recebido pelo menos tres doses da vacina, atendidas em Unidades Basicas de Saude no municipio de Imperatriz-MA. As variaveis quantitativas foram apresentadas em frequencia e porcentagem. Para testar a associacao das variaveis, foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. A maioria das criancas tinha mais de um ano de idade (52,2%), era de cor parda referida pelos responsaveis (71,1), com renda familiar acima de um salario minimo (70,0%), escolaridade dos responsaveis entre 8 e 12 anos de estudo (62,2%), convive com fumantes (61,1%), nao teve evento de internacao hospitalar (63,3%). Quanto a ocorrencia de doencas apos a vacina, 32,3% desenvolveram algumas doencas respiratorias (pneumonia, meningite, otite e faringite). De acordo com os resultados encontrados, observa-se que quanto mais tarde foi iniciado o esquema vacinal, menos eficacia a vacina teve. Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam que ha necessidade de avaliar outros aspectos que predispoem ao acometimento por doencas respiratorias, tais como as condicoes economicas, sociodemograficas e nutricionais, e nao somente relacionar as doencas a efetividade, duracao ou idade de administracao da vacina pneumococica 10-valente.(AU) Infancy is characterized by a series of changes. Physiologic maturation of the respiratory system as well as internal and external factors makes children under two years of age more susceptible to respiratory diseases. The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of respiratory diseases after the administration of pneumococcal 10-valent conjugate vaccine in that age group and compare results with clinical and sociodemographic variables. The research was conducted with 90 children that had received at least three dosages of vaccine at Basic Health Units in the city of Imperatriz. Quantitative variables were expressed as frequency and percentage. To test the normality of the variables, the researchers used the chi-square test. The majority of the children aged over 1 year (52.2%); 71.1% were termed by parents/legal guardians as being of a lightbrown complexion; family income of 70.0% of the participants was above the minimum wage; legal guardians´ schooling ranged from eight to twelve years of education (62.2%); 61.1% of the children lived with smokers; 63.3% had no history of hospitalization. Regarding the occurrence of disease after vaccination, 32.3% developed some respiratory disease (pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media and pharyngitis). The results revealed that the later the vaccination, the lower the vaccine effectiveness. The study results indicate the need to analyse economic, demographic and nutritional aspects that might predispose to respiratory diseases, not only associate the diseases to the effectiveness, duration or age of administration of the pneumococcal 10-valent conjugate vaccine.(AU)

Respiratory diseases in children after the administration of 10 – valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine