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Heat pulse method is an useful tool for measuring flow velocity including sap velocity in a wood stem. Sap velocity can be converted to transpiration rate and thus be an important component for evaluating groundwater recharge. Recently, a digital heat-pulse sensor was developed and widely utilized. In this study, properties of errors in measuring flow velocity by the digital heat-pulse sensor were investigated by laboratory experiments using a sand column and by field observation in a pine forest. Laboratory experiments showed that the measured heat-pulse velocity was overestimated. A semi-theoretical correction method was proposed and applied to the result of field measurement. The corrected velocities agreed with the values measured by the Granier method with an error of ±4 cm/hr. This indicates that the correction method is effective to reduce the overestimation although random error induced by an instability of sensor output was not improved very well.

Sap Flow Measurement Using a Digital Heat-Pulse Sensor