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This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and phytochemical aspects of Piptadeniagonoacantha . First, there was a standardization of extracts from the leaves of P. gonoacantha and its phytochemical characterization were analyzed, where the main variables were: extraction method (maceration and ultrasound bath), solvent (water, alcohol and water-alcohol mixtures), extraction temperature (30, 40 and 50°C) and influence pH (2 to 12) on the extinction coefficient (absorbance) of the same. Moreover, a phytochemical screening and quantification of total polyphenols in the sample was performed. An evaluation of the antibacterial activity in vitro was performed by adapting the method of diffusion in solid media with perforation of agar against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Through chemical evaluation identified the most effective way to promote the extraction of constituents should be performed with ultrasound at 40°C using 80% ethanol (v/v). The pH promoted structural modification (Deprotonation/protonation) of chemical constituents in extracts with pH values above 8. Furthermore, quantification of total phenols indicated that a significant proportion of the extracts is constituted by compounds within this class is confirmed by phytochemical which could be evidenced the presence of flavonoids , tannins, coumarinsandanthraquinones. The extract of this species showed antibacterial activity, especially with 80% ethanol (v/v ), and efficient ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria S. aureus . The data suggest that the species P. gonoacantha has promising compounds as their source of new drugs to combat resistant microorganisms.

ASPECTOS QUÍMICOS E ATIVIDADE ANTIBACTERIANA DE <I>PIPTADENIAGONOACANTHA</I> (FABACEAE)