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Throughout the history of medicine, various drugs and technologies have been developed, and these developments have tremendously contributed to a range of treatments that are now taken for granted. It is only when we take time to study the development of these important drugs and technologies that we really realize how much effort and dedication went into developing them. Cocaine is an example of a drug that had many contributors aiding its use in medicine. Here, I discuss the factors and people that have contributed to the successful use of cocaine in anesthesia. Cocaine is an ancestor of modern-day anesthetics, although some perceive it as a drug associated with the dark and damaged segment of our society. Cocaine is obtained from coca leaves. Although it was not isolated from coca leaves until the 19 century, its effects had made an impression in some parts of the world long before. The Incas knew the effects of chewing coca leaves many hundreds of years ago. In 1551, Peruvian bishops tried to persuade the government to prohibit coca use because chewing these leaves conflicted with their reliPlease cite this paper as: Redman M. Cocaine: What is the Crack? A Brief History of Cocaine as an Anesthetic. Anesth Pain. 2011;1(2): 95-7. DOI: 10.5812/kowsar.22287523.1890 Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: This article encourages the reader to consider the way in which social and historical influences can play a significant role in the development of a drug.

Cocaine: What is the Crack? A Brief History of the Use of Cocaine as an Anesthetic