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Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the primary diseases that cause high morbidity and mortality to children especially in developing countries. ARI can come from a number of pathogens, which are not necessarily identical in different regions or groups. As similar symptoms become evident in child ARI without specific particularities, respiratory infectious diseases are most of the time clinically diagnosed and treated less selectively than required, and antibiotics are largely used for non-bacterial respiratory system infections. Therefore, rapid detection of respiratory pathogens is necessary for the correct and appropriate treatment of ARI.Objectives: To obtain a general understanding of the pathogenic spectrum of ARI for children and provide basis for clinical infection control and pathogenic detection.Materials and Methods: Serum specimens from 4550 child victims with ARI symptoms were collected and detected for IgM antibodies of nine common pathogens using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA).Results: Of the 4550 child victims, 3660 were antibody positive (80.4%), with detectable rates of 67.3%, 90.9%, 92.4% and 91.4% for the ≤ 1, 1< y ≤ 3, 3 < y ≤ 6 and > 6 age groups respectively (P < 0.05). Except for Coxiellaburneti (COX), the difference in the detectable rates of other pathogens between the groups was statistically significant. Of the nine pathogens, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) had the highest detectable rate, followed by influenza B virus (FluB), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), adenovirus (ADV), influenza A virus (FluA), Legionella pneumophila sero group I (LPN-I), Coxiellaburneti (COX) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CPn); and 718 suffered mixed infections (81.4%), typically of two pathogens (MP + FLuB).Conclusions: MP, FluB and RSV are the principal contributors to ARI in the Hubei area, with mixed infections, typically of MP and FluB, being the most common pathogens statistically significant between different age groups

Rapid Detection of Acute Respiratory Virus and Atypical Bacteria Infections in Children