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Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm that shows thrombosis and bleeding symptoms with an increase in the platelet count. JAK2 mutation is suggested to be involved in its pathogenesis. We report a case of ET with the JAK2 gene mutation that presented with postextraction bleeding. The patient was a 68-year-old man who was referred to our hospital 3 days after tooth extraction because of continuous postextraction bleeding, facial swelling, and trismus. Laboratory findings showed thrombocytosis; the platelet count was 103 × 10/μL. A review of the patient’s history revealed that a bone marrow biopsy and genetic tests had been performed at the Department of Hematology before tooth extraction because of a hematological disorder. We diagnosed ET with JAK2 gene mutation on the second day after admission. Because it was difficult to stop the hemorrhage, a total of 60 units of platelets were transfused, and the excessive hemorrhage stopped 10 days after the extraction. This approach thus appears to be effective for patients with ET who have bleeding. Hydroxyurea was administered as ET therapy 1 month later, and the platelet count decreased.

A case of essential thrombocythemia with postextraction hemorrhage