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Octacalcium phosphate(OCP)has been suggested to be a precursor of biologic apatite crystals in bones and teeth. Previous studies have shown that synthetic OCP facilitates osteoblastic cell differentiation in vitro. The present study was designed to investigate whether OCP facilitates osteoblastic cell differentiation in vitro as compared with commercially available sintered β-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP)ceramic, a bone regenerative and biodegradable material used clinically. Mouse-bone-marrow-derived stromal ST-2 cells were cultured on dishes pre-coated with powdered OCP or commercially available sintered β-TCP ceramic. The capacity for proliferation and differentiation was determined up to day 21 of culture. The proliferation of ST-2 cells on OCP coating was inhibited intially, but the cell number increased similar to that of commercially available sintered βTCP ceramic or control culture dishes up to day 14. On the other hand, the alkaline phosphatase activity of ST-2 cells on the OCP coating, a maker of osteoblastic differentiation, was higher than that of commercially available sintered β-TCP ceramic or control up to day 14. Measurement of the mRNA expression level of osteopontin (OPN)by real-time PCR on day 21 of culture showed that the OPN mRNA level of ST-2 cells on OCP coating was higher than that of cells on commercially available sintered β-TCP ceramic. Chemical analysis of the supernatants of the medium after incubation on the coatings of OCP and commercially available sintered β-TCP ceramic revealed distinct patterns: commercially available sintered β-TCP ceramic decreased both Ca2 + and inorganic phosphate ion(Pi)concentrations, whereas OCP decreased Ca2 + but increased Pi ion concentrations beyond the control. These changes may be derived from the intrinsic physicochemical properties of OCP. The present study demonstrated that OCP facilitates osteoblastic cell differentiation more than that associated with commercially available sintered β-TCP ceramic.

Analysis of osteoblastic cell differentiation by synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP) as compared with commercially available β-TCP ceramic