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Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was subcutaneously administered to 12 patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck for the prophylaxis and treatment of leukocytopenia. Based on these cases, the following results were obtained:1. Compared to late (therapeutic) administration, the response to G-CSF was better when it was administered at the early stage of leukocytopenia (prophylactic administration) in cancer patients.2. To avoid extremely severe leukocytopenia, it is apparently beneficial to inject about 50μg of G-CSF two or three times a week if white blood cells (WBC) decrease to less than 3, 000/mm3 during chemoradiotherapy of squamous cell carcinomas.3. In patients who receive cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (CDDP), The dose of G-CSF should be increased and administered for a long period.4. In CHOP therapy for malignant lymphoma, it is recommended to administer 50 to 75μg of G-CSF every two days during the first cycle, and 100 μg of G-CSF daily in the second cycle.5. Once WBC starts to increase, the dose of G-CSF can be decreased considerably.These results apparently indicate the clinical characteristics of G-CSF usage in head and neck malignancies. However, rational dosage regimens for the cytokine in the treatment of these regions will most likely be established by further clinical trials.

A clinical trial of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF) in patients with head and neck carcinomas accompanied by neutropenia.