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Background:  Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an important carcinogen for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC). However, the values of blood AFB1-DNA adducts predicting HCC risk and prognosis have not still been clear.Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study, consisting of 380 patients with pathologically-diagnosed PHCC and 588 controls without any evidence of liver diseases, to elucidate the associations between the amount of AFB1-DNA adducts in the peripheral blood and the risk and outcome of HCC. AFB1-DNA adducts were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Cases with PHCC featured an increasing blood amount of AFB1-DNA adducts compared with controls (2.01  0.71 vs. 0.98  0.63 mol/DNA). Increasing adduct amount significantly grew the risk of PHCC [risk values, 1.82 (1.34-2.48) and 3.82 (2.71-5.40) for medium and high adduct level, respectively]. Furthermore, compared with patients with low adduct level, these with medium or high adduct level faced a higher death and tumor-recurrence risk. Conclusion: These results suggest that the blood AFB1-DNA adduct may act as a potential biomarker for predicting the risk and prognosis of PHCC.

The Blood AFB1-DNA Adduct Acting as a Biomarker for Predicting the Risk and Prognosis of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma