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This chapter describes some aspects of the formation of soils derived from volcanic ash, especially soils classified according to the soil taxonomy as Andisols of the mountains of the central mountain range in Colombia, cultivated with pastures for the production of milk, meat, and potatoes. General erosion, caving, mudslides, and landslides reach and cover large urban and rural territories characterized by a high rainfall regime with decadal records of 227 days of rain per year and with total loss of arable, agricultural, and productive layers. This chapter summarizes aspects of the research carried out by the author in these soils, through the description of profiles on 52 pits, field and laboratory analysis of their physical and some chemical properties for the understanding of the moisture storage capacity, and explains the mechanisms that govern their physical properties, composition, and interaction between particles and fluids and, consequently, their intense erodability and high moisture-retention capacity as a detonating mechanism of the processes of erosion and mass removal of secular occurrence in the soils of the region with high population densities causing hundreds of deaths and incalculable economic losses.

The Humidity of the Volcanic Soils and Their Impact on the Processes of Mass Removal in Colombia