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In general, process algebra can be the most suitable formal method to specify IoT systems due to the equivalent notion of processes as things. However there are some limitations for distributed mobile real-time IoT systems. For example, Timed pi-Calculus has capability of specifying time property, but is lack of direct specifying both execution time of action and mobility of process at the same time. And d-Calculus has capability of specifying mobility of process itself, but is lack of specifying various time properties of both action and process, such as, ready time, timeout, execution time, deadline, as well as priority and repetition. In order to overcome the limitations, this paper presents a process algebra, called, dT-Calculus, extended from d-Calculus, by providing with capability of specifying the set of time properties, as well as priority and repetition. Further the method is implemented as a tool, called SAVE, on ADOxx meta-modeling platform. It can be considered one of the most practical and innovative approaches to specify distributed mobile real-time IoT systems.

dT-Calculus: A Formal Method to Specify Distributed Mobile Real-Time IoT Systems