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In order to develop surgical skills required for cardiac surgeries, such as with surgeries of all types, years of practice and experience is required. Young cardiac surgeons need to improve technical proficiency in order to enrich the quality of care provided and to ensure patient safety. Realistic synthetic platforms and models are common resources for teaching and enhancing practical skills for both inexperienced as well as senior medical students, however are found particularly useful for young surgeons in training. Appropriate and available educational platforms can play an increasingly vital role in the training progression for young trainees in the area of cardiothoracic surgery. For example, the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery encompasses an extensive range of pathologic anatomies and surgical performances. In this chapter, we present original, synthetic, biomimetic models that allows for the accurate practice of surgeries such as the CABG surgery and aortic valve implantation. The prototype uses a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cryogel specifically designed to mimic the geometric properties of vasculature and the tissue of heart valve leaflets. The proposed models both visually resemble and feel like human tissue in addition to possessing relatively consistent mechanical properties. The technology and platform proposed have the potential for application in all cardiovascularrelated reconstructive surgeries.

Proposed Synthetic Tissues that Replace Human Cadavers for Training