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Pimenta dioica L. Merrill. Family: Myrtaceae, known for its berries called allspice, has been used as an important spice since time immemorial, both for its culinary and medicinal qualities. Interest in the essential oil of allspice in recent years is based on the versatility of its use in different industrial areas (food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical) due to its harmless and beneficial effects for health. Allspice essential oil contains compounds that have shown broad biological activity which is useful in the treatment to prevent diseases related to an excessive formation of oxygen radicals. Therefore, the bioactivity of these compounds is highly dependent on the conditions under which they are extracted. For this reason, it is very important to select the right combination of variables to improve the extraction and functionality of the oil. Currently, most of the research on this essential oil focuses on solving these problems, as well as their purification and identification.The purpose of this chapter is to systematically document the compounds that have shown significant medicinal potential validated by controlled studies of the biological properties exhibited by the essential oil of allspice, firstly, the classification of the properties is addressed, origin and main components of essential oil.

Antioxidant Effect and Medicinal Properties of Allspice Essential Oil