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Improvement of large scale models developed to study the impacts of global changes in polar regions requires a better knowledge of the variability of the different parameters that control fluid dynamics and thermodynamics budgets at the interfaces. In the part of a fluid influenced by the presence of a solid interface, surface roughness is one of the key parameters that control momentum as much as heat (or salts at the ice-water interface) vertical exchanges through the boundary layer. This, in turn, makes roughness a data of primary importance when coupling ocean and atmosphere. First year sea ice is characterized by large scale roughness features resulting from the accumulation of ice blocks that are piled above and below the surface under the compression and shear stresses induced by winds and currents. They develop linear sinuous features several hundred meters in length which on satellite images draw a network of bright structures. When illuminated by a SAR beam, the orientation variability of ice block faces in ridges increases the probability to receive an enhanced signal resulting from specular reflection on point sources. It follows that conditions that enhance specular reflection over diffuse scattering translate into a better resolution of the ridge network. This is mostly achieved at spring, when, with the snow wetness content increasing, the penetration depth into snow and ice becomes negligible. It has been observed that overnight wetness changes may cause strong resolution contrast on the ridge network. Late in the afternoon, increased wetness and the presence of a liquid film on ice and snow surfaces results in an increased forward scattering on most surfaces and an improved resolution of the pressure ridge network. On the contrary, on morning the reduced wetness allows some volume scattering to occur in the snow surface layer causing an increased diffused scattering that tends to reduce the backscattered signal from ridges and increase the signal from flat ice surfaces away from ridges. In addition, with coherent imaging systems such as SAR, multiplicative random noise can combine to generate a signal strong enough to partly mask large roughness features signature. The speckle issue is for ridges of utmost importance. Extending only over several meters

Impact of Daily Melt and Freeze Patterns on Sea Ice Large Scale Roughness Features Extraction