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Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is an advanced automatic identification technology, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. An RFID tag is a small object that can be attached to or incorporated into a product; animal or person (rami khouri, 2007). The application of RFID in industry warehouse, monitoring system and personal life brings researchers and engineers to focus on it. In this chapter, we address two important issues in an RFID system: Electronic and MAC protocol characterization to avoid reader-reader and reader-tag collisions in a dense RFID network. In the first part, we present an operational description of RFID hardware components especially RFID antenna. Current generation RFID systems address the multi-reader coordination problems, effectively where multiple readers are rarely used in the same physical layers (Sok-Won Lee, 2005). For thus, in the second part we present a survey of several collision problems that occurs when multiple readers are used within close proximity of each other. Furthermore, we evaluate the technique of medium access control to avoid collisions in multi-readers scenarios using Network Simulator (NS2). Finally, we present a CSMA-based MAC protocol to avoid reader-reader and reader-tag collisions in a dense RFID network.

Electronic and Mac Protocol Characterization of RFID Modules