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Magnetic nanofluids, also known as ferrofluids, are a colloidal mixture of superpara‐ magnetic nanoparticles suspended in a carrier fluid. For most biomedical applications, such as magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH), 10‐ to 20‐nm mean diameter nanoparticles of Fe3O4 or γ‐Fe2O3 (or various ferrites such as CoFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4) are coated with an organic surfactant (such as dextran) and suspended in water. These ferrofluids exhibit both magnetic and fluidic properties and were first developed by NASA in the 1960s for space applications; however, in the twenty‐first century they have been the subject of intense investigation due to their technological and biomedical applications. In biomedicine, ferrofluids have a wide range of uses including by not limited to use as MRI contrast agents, for the targeted delivery of drugs, for DNA transfection, and in the MFH treatment of cancer. For technological applications, ferrofluids are investigated for cooling multiple electronic devices. This chapter describes common methods of ferrofluid synthesis, and their magnetic, structural, and morphological properties, as well as a discussion of the methods of heat generation and transport when exposed to RF alternating magnetic fields. The results of a number of investigations have been used to illustrate the application of MFH for the treatment of malignant tumors without the undesirable side‐effects of the more traditional radiation and chemotherapy treatment regimens.

Magnetic Nanofluids: Mechanism of Heat Generation and Transport and Their Biomedical Application