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Ionic liquids (ILs) are molten salts at ambient temperature and consist of poorly coordinating cations and anions. They have good electrical conductivity with a wide voltage window and high thermal stability, but negligible vapor pressure. ILs can enhance ionic conductivity when added to polymer electrolytes. Conductivity enhancement is due to the additional ions supplied by the IL, the plasticizing nature of the IL and the low viscosity that facilitates ion mobility. The plasticizing nature of ILs softens the polymer chain giving rise to easier polymer segmental motion. Increase in polymer segmental motion implies that IL can increase amorphousness of a polymer electrolyte (PE). This article discusses the involvement of ionic liquid as electrolytes in selected devices, namely dye sensitized photovoltaics, batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors.

Ionic Liquid Enhancement of Polymer Electrolyte Conductivity and their Effects on the Performance of Electrochemical Devices