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Second-generation biofuels from lignocellulosic materials have gained much attention since the lignocelluloses are not in competition with food sources and animal feed and will pro‐ vide a new sustainable energy sources alternative to petroleum-based fuels (Galbe and Zac‐ chi, 2007). Bioethanol production from herbaceous lignocellulose such as corn stover (Ryu and Karim, 2011), rice straw (Ko at al., 2009), sweet sorghum bagasse (Cardoba et al., 2010), switchgrass (Keshwani and Cheng, 2009), bamboo (Sathitsuksanoh at al., 2010), wheat straw (Talebnia et al., 2010), alfalfa stems (Gonzalez-Garcia at al., 2010), and silvergrass (Guo et al., 2008) has been extensively developed through a variety of processes combining the biologi‐ cal saccharification and fermentation steps with the pre-treatment methods. In almost all processes, the pretreatments to remove the lignin components and to promote an enzymatic digestibility of cellulosic components are carried out by the use of energy and cost which are frequently higher than those of bio-fuels gained (Alvira et al., 2010). If lignocelluloses with low lignin-content are selected, the operation to remove the lignin might be excluded from the bio-ethanol process.

intech ebooks

Effectiveness of Lignin-Removal in Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation for Ethanol Production from Napiergrass, Rice Straw, Silvergrass, and Bamboo with Different Lignin-Contents