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Manufacturing and control procedures for automation require many different technologies. The last decade has seen computer technology applied widely in industrial production, particularly in manufacturing processes not generally associated with high technology. The technology used in the automated production of moulded concrete elements for the architectural and building industry has changed dramatically in recent years. The introduction of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) between 1960 and 1980 (Trybula & Goodman, 1989), e.g., numerically controlled machines, followed in the 1980 to 1990 developments in robotics, e.g., advanced robotics (Shell & Hall, 2000) had a significant impact on automating the production of moulded concrete elements. The types of system that produce concrete elements are mainly machines using hydraulic compression and extraction. This is the most common method used to form the complex product shapes required by the architectural and building industry. These machines can be either stationary, or they can be mobile, with automated mobile machines being the machine of preference these days. Other relevant ancillary equipment used in the automated production of concrete elements are aggregate mixers, material storage silos and conveyors. The concrete elements required by architects and builders often include complex geometric shapes; it is for this reason that the central process in their production is the hydraulic press. Complex geometric shapes in concrete and their quality control can only produced using automated compression machinery (Isayev, 1987; Reinhart, 1987). The various phases of this process are (1) material mixture; aggregates of variable form tightly compressed into a mould and (2) compression to form and extract the desired product. The application of computer aided systems to hydraulic press machines has increased the range and variety of concrete elements that these machines can produce for the architectural and building industry (e.g., ZENITH, KNAUER, BESSER, etc.). The consistency and quality control of landscape and architectural products, such as concrete blocks, curb stones, palisades, paving stones, etc., has improved through introducing computer aided systems. Computer-control systems, teleoperation and automation technology, modelling and simulation tools are some of the technologies and techniques used to acquire the desired Source: New Approaches in Automation and Robotics, Book edited by: Harald Aschemann, ISBN 978-3-902613-26-4, pp. 392, May 2008, I-Tech Education and Publishing, Vienna, Austria O pe n A cc es s D at ab as e w w w .in te hw eb .c om

Design, Simulation and Development of Software Modules for the Control of Concrete Elements Production Plant