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Soil compaction may be defined as the densification of unsaturated soil due to reduction in air volume without change in mass wetness [2].Soil compaction occurs in unsaturated soils when subjected to mechanical forces [3]. While soil compaction is essential in many engineering works (especially civil engineering) it is undesirable in agricultural production to a large extent. Compaction reduces the soil permeability to water, so that run off and erosion may occur and adequate recharge of ground water is prevented. Compaction reduces regeneration of the soil, so that metabolic activities of roots are impaired. Compaction increases the mechanical strength of the soil, so root growth is impeded. It is known that in agricultural system, the risk of soil compaction increases with the growth of farm size, increased mecha‐ nization and equipment weight, and the drive for greater productivity. Soil compaction also has negative effects on the environment by increasing runoff and erosion thereby accelerating potential pollution of surface water by organic wastes and applied agrochemicals [4]. All of these effects may reduce the quality and quantity of food and fibre grown on the soil. Therefore, the knowledge of soil compaction is increasingly important and desirable within agriculture and environmental protection.

Soil Behaviour Characteristics Under Applied Forces in Confined and Unconfined Spaces