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When growing cells divide, they need to copy their genetic material and distribute it to en‐ sure that each daughter cell receives one copy. This is a challenging task especially when the enormous length of the DNA compared to the cell size is considered. During DNA replica‐ tion, organization of the chromosomes is even more demanding, since replication forks con‐ tinuously produce new DNA. This DNA contains all the information required to build the cells and tissues of a prokaryotic or an eukaryotic organism. The exact replication of this in‐ formation in any species assures its genetic continuity from generation to generation and is critical to the normal development of an individual. The information stored in DNA is ar‐ ranged in hereditary units known as genes that control the identifiable traits of an organism. Discovery of the structure of DNA and subsequent elucidation of how DNA directs synthe‐ sis of RNA, which then directs assembly of proteins -the so-called central dogma were monumental achievements that marked the early days of molecular biology. However, the simplified representation of the central dogma as DNA → RNA → protein does not reflect the role of proteins in the synthesis of nucleic acids. Moreover, proteins are largely responsi‐ ble for regulating DNA replication and gene expression, the entire process whereby the in‐ formation encoded in DNA is decoded into the proteins that characterize various cell types. Two of these proteins are the DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) and the DNA-Binding Protein (SeqA).

Roles of Methylation and Sequestration in the Mechanisms of DNA Replication in some Members of the Enterobacteriaceae Family