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The main aim of this chapter is to review some particular aspects related with the hydrothermal crystallization process for preparing some selected oxide and non-oxide powders, namely functional compound with electric, piezoelectric, ionic conducting and catalytic properties. The literature on the hydrothermal crystallization of oxide and nonoxide powders is vast; the references cited here are those more appropriated to illustrate this review. A particular attempt is made to broaden the traditional concepts of processing perovskite powders with controlled chemical composition and particle morphology, those aspects will be discussed based on the chemical reactivity of the precursor reactants (gels). Furthermore, an additional approach that takes into account the solubility of the solid species (mineral reagents) that are employed as a precursor in the hydrothermal systems on controlling the crystallization process of oxide particles was further investigated for preparing titanates oxide ceramic. The specific reaction pathways and kinetic aspects are discussed and illustrated by experimental setups for the solution of selected problems in hydrothermal crystallization. Also the chapter includes recent work on the formation of inorganic salts of Sr or Ba, under ordinary hydrothermal treatments via the anionic replacement in sulphate minerals, because these particular reactions have promoted peculiar microstructure on the crystallized material that preserves the bulk geometrical features of particular mineral specie. Therefore, this method could be attractive for preparing net-shaped materials with controlled porosity, with optimized functional properties, because can be used as gas sensor, substrates for porous catalytic materials, filters, among other potential applications.

Preparation of Selected Ceramic Compounds by Controlled Crystallization Under Hydrothermal Conditions