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The scientific investigation and applied research on composite materials can date back to the 1940’s (Schwaretz, 1997) with the advantages behind the development of metal matrix composites (MMCs) being the capability to combine phases providing a potential for tailoring material properties to meet specific and challenging requirements. Composites offer an approach for producing “designer” materials used to provide specific types of material behavior, such as their improved strength and stiffness (Ward et al, 1996), outstanding corrosion resistance (Shimizu et al, 1995), friction resistance (Akbulut et al, 1998) and wear resistance (Wang et al, 1996), high electrical and thermal conductivity (Koráb et al, 2002), and high temperature mechanical behavior (Tjong & Ma, 1997). Currently, metal matrix composites can be classified by reinforcement component into fibers (continuous or discontinuous), whiskers, particulates, or wires. Theses reinforcements have been placed in matrices of aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium, nickel, nickel-based superalloys, and various alloys of iron. However the aluminum matrix alloy composites are those that have become an industry standard because they offer the advantage of lower cost when compared to most other MMCs. Aluminum based composites also offer the added benefits of excellent thermal conductivity, high shear strength, excellent abrasion resistance, high-temperature operation, and the ability to be formed and treated on conventional equipment (Schwaretz, 1997). Conventional metal matrix composites have been manufactured through several various processing methods. These processes can generally be categorized into four general groups: solid-state processes, liquid-state processes, deposition processes and in-situ processes. Solid-state and liquid-state processes are the two most widely used and developed methods (Everett & Arsenault, 1991). Particulate composites reinforced with micron-sized particles of various materials are perhaps the most widely utilized composites in everyday materials. Particles are typically added to enhance the matrix elastic modulus and yield strength. By scaling the particle size down to the nanometer scale, it has been shown that novel material properties can be obtained (Thostenson et al, 2001). 32

Shock-Wave-Compaction (SWC) of Al/CNT Two Phase Systems