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The evolution of process control techniques have increased in a significant way during last years. Even so, in the industry, the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is frequently used in closed loops due to its simplicity, applicability, and easy implementation (Astrom & Hagglund, 1995); Shinskey, 1998; (Desbourough & Miller, 2002). An extensive research concerning regulatory control of loops used in refinery, chemical, and pulp and paper processes reveals that 97% of the applications make use of classical PID structure even though sophisticated control techniques, like advanced control strategies, are also based on PID algorithms with lower hierarchy level (Desbourough & Miller, 2002).

A Comparative Study using Bio-Inspired Optimization Methods Applied to Controllers Tuning