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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a spectroscopic technique which uses the NIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum to gain information about natural samples through their absorption of NIR light. This method is used in several branches of science. In medicine, it was first used in adult patients, who were placed on by-pass during cardiac surgery to follow cerebral oxygenation, cerebral rSO2 (rSO2-c,) and thereby perfusion and metabolism of the brain. Its many other possibilities soon became apparent. Although the brain remains the main organ of interest in patients of all ages, other tissues are being studied as well. Aside from cardiac surgery clinicians in specialties such as sports medicine, plastic surgery (to assess flap viability), and neonatology apply NIRS in clinical settings. (Feng et al., 2001)

Use of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in the Management of Patients in Neonatal Intensive Care Units - An Example of Implementation of a New Technology