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Ceramic membranes are usually prepared from metal oxides like alumina, zirconia, titania. The development of membrane processes is generally limited because the price of the commercial membranes is too expensive, which is particularly true for the inorganic membranes. One of the challenges for future development of the inorganic membranes consists to prepare membranes of low cost made with natural non-expensive material (Khemakhem, & al., 2009; Saffaj & al., 2006). Rapid development and innovation have already been realized in this area (Cot, L.; 1998). Clay minerals are a well-known class of natural inorganic materials, with well-known structural adsorption, rheological and thermal properties (Brigatti & al., 2006; Wang & al., 2007). Research on clay as a membrane material has concentrated mainly on pillared clays (Tomul & al., 2009). Studies of membranes prepared entirely from natural clays have just started (Mao & al., 1999). These materials originally have a hydrophilic character due to the presence of the surface hydroxyl (–OH) groups, which can link very easily water molecules ( Larbot& al., 2004; Picard & al., 2004).

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydrophobic Membrane: Application for Seawater Desalination with Air Gap Membrane Distillation Process